Tuesday, July 18, 2006

Causality and Time

The way bricks are laid and... t-time.

Pete:
Concerning how our thoughts follow up on each-other and whether or not we are in control of their sequence... Forget for a moment about the brain, and think of a brick house, each brick laid dictates the position of the next one, but it's the bricklayer who places the bricks. So, in the case of the brain, it's the thinker, his thinking skills and his practice that play the role of bricklayer.

E.J.:
Yeah but it seems to me that there has to have been a brick or two already laid that made a particular practice available. I mean I worked with bricklayers and there's always a layout guy that goes ahead and sets up the pattern. Not to mention bricks already made and abundant enough and in the same area. So, I'm saying that if practice makes patterns then there must be a pattern already made to start a practice.

Pete:
Look at it this other way, although, things arise co-dependently, they also happen sequentially.

Wim:
Ah, Pete, just what I was waiting for... :)
Now..., is what you just said the cause of how and what I'll respond, or was I in some causal way anticipating what you came up with so that I could answer it with considerations that I had already concocted?

What if it was both simultaneously?!

The issue of cause-and-effect... (the way we nowadays tend to see how an unfolding of action is brought about by something prior to that action; the way we tend to see action as a re-action or follow-through-action to a previous action) ... was not known to early non dualist thinkers like the Buddha or Nagarjuna... at least not the same way we currently explain 'causation' or 'causality'.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pratitya-samutpada
When they spoke of causality they spoke of co-dependent arisings or interdependent origination (that's how pratitya-samutpada usually gets translated). They did not speak about 'cause and subsequent effect' or 'action and subsequent reaction' in a time-wise unidirectional linear sort of sense. Their notion of co-dependent or interdependent arisings also always included more than two linked dependencies. Pratitya-samutpada was seen as a complex web of interferences... the way my mother said it once,

"Everything has got everything to do with everything else, but the way we see time, messes things up in such a way that we don't see anything anymore the way things actually happen."
(In Dutch,  "Alles heeft met elkaar te maken, maar hoe we met tijd omspringen,
is hoe we er geen touw meer aan vast kunnen knopen.")
Our way of looking at 'happenings' linearly and one-directionally time-wise, is also steeped in a rather recent materialistic way of looking at what is, a paradigm that excludes 'anything considered to be opposite to the materialist definition as non-existent or not-extant and thus deniable, dubious or at least negligible.
The dualist paradigm made us divide the world into materialistic and non-materialistic 'notions'... a dualism that over time easily invited either one monism (materialism) or the other (spiritualism) to be deemed the only reality - either one judged by some kind of socio-moral acceptance, resistance, skepticism or denial.
This is not to say that before those divergent paradigms developed so contrastingly, that the world was seen more whole... obviously not... otherwise people like a Buddha or a Nagarjuna would not have arrived on the scene up expounding their insights.
One thing though, in their days - before the 'age of the clock' - time was experienced differently. That is... if time was experienced at all !!!
To us - who are so bonded to the clock from birth on (birth all too often scheduled by appointment, our feeding patterns, breast or bottle, so timely regulated) - when we look back into history (something that we clearly make up as we go) we all too much project our description of time onto whatever we may see as experienced in our stories of the past.
That means that if we want to understand "co-dependant arisings", etc., we have to clear our understanding of the insights of Buddha incarnations from our 'time' interpretations.
When we do that, when we take our understanding of time out of their causality/causation equation, then, as a consequence, we also subtract our assumed one-directional temporal linearity from it. Thus we will end up seeing and understanding their 'pratitya-samutpada' more clearly. When we also, in order to even better understand, include that in those days less materialistic 'drivers-and-drivens' were not denied, it might become evident that even non-material elements (so to speak) were part of the web of mutual reciprocal simultaneous interferences...

To illustrate the multi-directionality of time in structures operating in dimensions less tiny than the sub-nuclear, let me mention autopoiesis and teleodynamics, creative dynamics in which future patterns influence past arrangements or arrangements still to take place. (Geometrically Penrose (1989) identified such teleo-patterning in the way certain aperiodic crystals foresee their final non-periodic quasi-crystalline formation and set up beforehand to reach that shape.)

At any rate, I suggest it behooves us to wake up or re-awaken some intuitions, notions or ideas that we may very well harbor, conceptions perhaps that could be in line with a reality that differs radically from the assumptions that we held for real while they adulterated our observations of and in reality.
As well, we should hone our non-dual paradigm and ensure that, as we profess our nondualism, that we exclude dualist remnants that might still stick to us by force of habit, which only by way of habitual thinking seem to make sense - in spite of them being mental residue, being no more than non-sensorial nonsense.

Pete:
Well Wim, let's keep this simple and let us stick to the point I was trying to make. As far as sequentiality and cause and effect goes, watching a ballet, it seems that the beginning of a certain melodic theme causes the entrance of a certain dancer, and that a dimming of the lights causes the exit of another, etc.

Wim:
As we play life, that might indeed seem so... artistically, artificially in an artsy sense.

Pete:
Well, no, I don't think it just seems so. I mean, although this is still a metaphor, in the biological ballet that takes place in our head, neuronal connections always precede mental acts, and mental acts call for more neuron connections. No ticket, no laundry; no brain, no consciousness.

Wim:
It looks to me that in what you just said, that you include a certain 'webbedness' as well as some very welcome physical/mental integrative considerations.
Your view though seems to be in a one dimensional temporal way, albeit... bi-directional and that is great!
You may remember that I once suggested time to be two dimensional and that time - the square of time actually - is part of that 11 dimensions space-time String Theory, the extra dimension being an additional temporal dimension - orthogonal to our usual description of time. I said something like, "Heck, there might even be some kind of multi-dimensionality to time. The collapse of the wave function always involves a squaring of space/time vectors. We have to square with time... square off with time, really!
In Quantum Mechanics with certain complex representations of probability functions 'upon collapse', time also gets squared and... that's the crux of the matter... time's linearity and sequentiality disappear... and it is that what allows for that coincidental simultaneity of what is usually seen as dichotomous, dual, linear and sequential."

What we as humans tend to do in an attempt to gain a simple grasp of seemingly complex reality is to do something that is akin to taking the 'square root of it'...: something comparable to how we find it easier to visualize the size of a 225 square mile forest fire when we take the root of 225 and visualize the size of the forest fire to be 15 miles long by 15 miles wide.
The way we attempt to understand the dynamic 'a m b i e n c e' of life (the totality of surrounding conditions and circumstances affecting growth or development: atmosphere, climate, environment, medium, milieu, mise en scène, surroundings, world ~ Houghton Mifflin) is something similar: we take the square root of it: the nine dimensions of 11 D space-time (M theory) become three dimensions (the remaining six becoming hidden) and t (time) to the power of two become just t (time).
That 'root taking' produces a modicum of simplicity: we can follow it, there is sequence and linearity, order is simpler in lower orders of magnitude, we can 'geometrically' oversee it... forgetting though that this calculated simplicity only represents the square root of totality... and thus we, analyzing and simplifying, we live now in and according to a derivation of reality...

Friday, March 17, 2006

Speed of light?

The idea that light has some sort of speed at which it shiningly travels may very well be flawed.

Could it be that time and space hasten into reality at just the right speed with just the right quantized steps as energy turns into all sorts of quantized manifestations...?

Tuesday, March 14, 2006

Last night as I was sleeping


~ Antonio Machado
Translation: Robert Bly

Last night as I was sleeping,
I dreamt-marvelous error!-
that a spring was breaking
out in my heart.
I said: Along which secret aqueduct,
Oh water, are you coming to me,
water of a new life
that I have never drunk?

Last night as I was sleeping,
I dreamt-marvelous error!-
that I had a beehive
here inside my heart.
And the golden bees
were making white combs
and sweet honey
from my old failures.

Last night as I was sleeping,
I dreamt-marvelous error!-
that a fiery sun was giving
light inside my heart.
It was fiery because I felt
warmth as from a hearth,
and sun because it gave light
and brought tears to my eyes.

Last night as I slept,
I dreamt-marvelous error!-
that it was God I had
here inside my heart.

~~~~

It's so wonderful that the original meaning of the word 'error' is used here... which in the beginning of its use never meant 'mistake' but... walking in a wandering manner!

"Caminante, no hay camino
Se hace camino al andar."

(Walker, there is no path.
The path is made by walking.)

"Caminante, son tus huellas el camino, y nada más; caminante, no hay camino, se hace camino al andar. Al andar se hace camino, y al volver la vista atrás se ve la senda que nunca se ha de volver a pisar. Caminante, no hay camino, sino estelas en la mar."
~ Antonio Machado




Estelas en la mar

(Wanderer, your footsteps are the road, and nothing more; wanderer, there is no road, the road is made by walking. By walking one makes the road, and upon glancing behind one sees the path that never will be trod again. Wanderer, there is no road - only wakes upon the sea.)

"The path is made by walking".... yes!

Which insight together with "a fiery sun was giving light inside my heart" leads to "God I had here inside my heart"... divine nature realizing itself into divine light as space/time is formed and matter manifests the universe's divine nature.

Thus, 'all-that-is' in all its nuances, from the densest to the lightest, processes (as in procession) from the core of all that is...

Which brings up the following:
Could it be that the idea that light has some sort of speed at which it shiningly travels is flawed?

Could it be that time and space hasten into reality at just the right speed with just the right quantized steps as energy turns into all sorts of quantized manifestations...?

Wednesday, January 11, 2006

Mirror Neurons


Before reading the following, please click the above link

and this one

A Discussion on a New York Times article

The implications of the notion of mirror neurons for psychology are enormous, in light of this the regular understanding of psychological concepts such as bonding, projection, learning, transference, empathy/apathy/sympathy, obsession, compulsion, being 'anal' - all that and more - needs to be reviewed.
Now that we may have some physio-biological understanding behind the process of possible automatic absorption of what children 'see' and how they subsequently 'may' feel prompted to act out what they are watching as they are duplicating and replicating what they are watching, this understanding may even form some basis for discussing serious guidelines or policies - even formal legislation - to limit access to violent depictions in the media of plays, games or TV shows aimed at young children,



The following TED presentation by VS Ramachandran may point at when the human mind came into play after the brain was already formed (Lamarckian evolution - mutation). 
There are about 5 different but related themes touched upon in this fast 7 minute talk from: 'learning by mirroring' to 'phantom limbs', via 'oneness and separation'... and perhaps the notion how the mind is totally and integrally connected to physiology... Skin receptors make the difference!
"The neurons that shaped civilization about 100.000 years ago."
Click TED Presentation by VS Ramachandran


Some questions around this
  • Is it necessarily so that children 'w i l l' act out those mirrored observations?
  • There is the expression 'monkey see, monkey do', but with humans, can that as easily be translated into 'child see, child do' or in a broader sense 'human see, human do', or is it for humans perhaps 'human see, human may or may not do'?
  • Is there is a 'control of error' mechanism built into or around this mirror neuronic infrastructure? Or - if there is no such thing built in - is it that, why we have the conventional and more or less tested moral codes acting as a set of checks and balances?
    I myself believe that there is something structurally built-in around mirror nearons that acts as a 'control of error' (I'm thinking along the lines of Montessorians, to which 'control of error' comes naturally without saying), something of which more conventional moral codes may be watered down copies that have been reprogrammed to attain ulterior goals that do not necessarily benefit the individual itself but something or someone else that is made to feel more important or greater than the individual (kind of like the 'Nazi ideal', cultic zealot, or the 'suicide hero')
  • Are we ready for a possible paradigm shift in education and culture cultivating...?
  • Even some popular notions developed by Piaget, some of his conclusions may also have to be thoroughly reviewed. (Some of which even became urban myths... and urban myths are so resilient... Maybe there are specialized mirror neurons that turn modeling based on flawed thinking - when it is brought forward 'cleverly and craftily' - into urban-mythical post-conceptions or maybe even cultural pre-conceptions.)
  • Can we implant new mirror neurons? Should we?
  • Can we replace those neurons that replicated/duplicated less savory or less acceptable impressions and thus produced less beneficial social behavior? Should we?
  • Can we fix the broken neurons? Should we?
  • Can we now also find out what actually causes autism, obsessive compulsive disorders and even... sociopathic or psychopathic behavior?
  • How do we influence each other's moods, can we protect ourselves from being influenced
  • 'Spells', 'mesmerizing', 'black magic' - does this makes use of mirror neuron dynamics?  

A consideration - are certain kinds of mirror neurons only 'proposal' neurons?

There is an issue not touched upon in depth yet when it comes to mirror neurons: is there not a certain 'proposal' or 'proto type' quality to what mirror neurons duplicate/replicate?
There could of course be different types of mirror neurons, some more absolute in their power to duplicate and force replication, and some only having a function to offer optional action, proposing action, a model that could be copied and duplicated?

So far, the way I see it, in humans there seems to be a choice somewhere in the individual:

  • to take the impressions seriously and follow up on them as though they were one's own
  • or to hold them in abeyance for the time being and not choosing - after certain considerations - to act them out in perpetuity and 'thoughtlessly'?
More questions from this:
  • Is that where consciousness comes in and following from that, conscience or moral considerations?
  • And IF there is an 'observer' to all this, a 'witness', how is that witness/observer present, does the possible presence of the witness fade or return after fading?What is it, if so, what makes that occur?
  • How do we forget?
  • If we believe that they can be stopped, how do say 'compulsive actions' or addictions stop, as a result therapy, meditation or whatever we do to become less driven by or attached to our them?
  • What have we done with those mirror neurons when we deactivated, say, addiction (if we did :) if those mirror neurons were involved in creating obsessive compulsive behavior?!

An answer already?

For me one answer is showing up already, let me try it. 

It has to do with identification, which by itself is GOOD as there is in principle nothing wrong with identification!!! However, when individual identification gets adulterated (from the Latin ad-alterare) with 'alien' identities that are pressed upon it by fear and social pressure, the original identification gets tainted or enveloped by the additional exterior descriptive packaging and then turns into adverse non authentic behavior... the pseudo self or the usual state of conflict that someone is in, someone who is not 'feeling him or herself' - who lost touch with their core and does not live directly from it. The tainting or enveloping is brought about by verbal sentencing or ambiguous labeling.
  • When we say "pig" to a little piggy that we may be holding on our lap, then the word "pig" is not a lie, it is a NOUN, and 'as that' it is simply a sound that symbolically labels the oinking thing on our lap. "Pig" means nothing more or nothing less than that what it symbolizes. In principle there are no secondary meanings to nouns applied this way... they are 'eigen' labels (German 'eigentlich').
    (Is it that is what the biblical Adam did, so to speak? Was he simply tagging when he was naming?)
    Identification with labels that way IS NOT detrimental, these labels it don't describe, they are sound stamp'.
  • However... When we have a child on our lap, and we label it with an ADJECTIVE (one part of a set of dualistic opposites. e.g. good or bad, or dirty or clean) AND/OR a NOUN which the child may have heard (or will hear) also applied as a label to another thing say "PIG" or "PAL" or "SQUIRT" then a self identity conflict is created, as the child will now identify with ambiguity... eventually, especially after a few repeats, leading to not feeling him or herself, the identities are confused and confusable.
    Identifications with such labels ARE detrimental... they describe and alter (the meaning of 'adulterate'), they might lead to judgments away from the simple statements, they are not 'sound stamps', they are something that possibly mark the child as that what it is not: 'Being-who-one-is-that-one-is' is then challenged and traumatized. How to undo that... how to undo that pseudo ambiguous self (German 'uneigentlich sein')? Sitting simply and congruently in oneself (maybe return to the lap and getting simply and unambiguously relabeled, de-identified and re-identified) 'unsaying-oneself', unsaying the conflicted/conflicting identity meanings!!!Maybe the thing to do then is... applying silence that may help the un-wording, erase ambiguous labeling... the echo fading and disappearing.

Echo Neurons and Mirror Neurons?

I anticipated something like mirror neurons but called them 'echo cells' as I was at some point more interested in the onomatopoeic phenomenon in human speech.
Renaming the 'mirror neuron' to 'mirror/echo neurons' maybe be an idea worth considering as it might open a wider vista allowing us to find clearer answers sooner, or, if not that, than at least better questions may arise that may lead to better answers. So, if we, instead of  just using the word, "MIRROR" neuron, we use the word "MIRROR/ECHO" neuron, we might pick up on a different model for understanding this neuronal duplication phenomenon and come up with questions like:

  • Is there a 'fade' effect? (As in the theory of sound: 'attack', 'sustain', 'decay'.
  • Are there built in volume, loudness or intensity controls?
  • Do initial 'impressions' - when they are verbal or auditory they are called 'engrams' - need to be re-struck like we can strike a bell again, to stay active? 
Based on the following article I now think that 'mirror/echo neurons' would be a more suitable comprehensive nomenclature.
Obviously two senses are involved visual (mirror) and auditory (echo). They are distinct from other senses  (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sense) in that they are remote sensing... as no physical contact is involved (no tactile, gustatory, olfactory contact.  Smelling involves molecular contact within the nose, so I don't consider the olfactory sense a remote sensing tool per se.)

(For the 'mirror neuron' discussion in it scroll down to page 6 and look for "Mirror,  Mirror")

Comments on this article (all underlining is mine):

"Rizzolatti's group recently reported that the macaque has "audiovisual" mirror neurons: Some of the cells in F5 fire not only when a macaque watches a meaningful grasping action, but when it hears the sound of one, such as the sound of breaking peanuts."

Notice the word grasping above, in my
'brain/mind theory I consider 'mind' (Skt. 'manas') to be derived from the PIE root *man (cf. 'la main' Fr. - hand) being involved in mental development...
Thus my 'brain/mind and hand go hand-in-hand'

My brain/mind theory includes a rather axiomatic:

  1. There is no mental activity without a thought, 
  2. There is no thought without verbal content, 
  3. There is no verbal content without sensorial recording,  
  4. There is no sensorial recoding without matter...

Thus for humans 'matter, hand and mind go hand-in-hand'

Except for "Ouch" :), the earliest and simplest words derived from onomatopoeic sound-mimicry by means of what are now called mirror neurons... which I at some point identified as 'echo cells'.

"...mirror neurons are found in brain areas responsible for grasping. "I think it's extremely likely that language evolved in our early ancestors as a manual system , not as a vocal one" "
~ Corballis."

But partially overlapping that manual system, a verbal/mental one developed
over time, using:
'words-verbalized-aloud-or-muted-as-thoughts' 

"But others believe equally strongly that even if movement and language are inseparable, language is primarily an oral, not manual , behavior. Psychologist Peter MacNeilage of the University of Texas, Austin, has developed a theory that monkey oral behaviors (not vocalizations) are precursors of human syllables, and he argues that the mirror neuron system--especially the recent discovery of neurons that respond to lip smacking and nut cracking--bolsters his ideas."

Primarily an oral, not manual, behavior should of course read "primarily an oral, not primarily a manual behavior".
The oral  aspect is not at the exclusion of the manual aspect!

The syllables idea is almost right, instead of syllables though, abugida type of languages (such as Sanskrit) use consonant–vowel units (when written they consist of consonant-vowel notations). These units tend to be onomatopoeic.

The fact that the early human adopted a partial nocturnal (eve and dawn) living style (night falls at 6PM and day breaks at 6 AM in tropical regions - it only takes five minutes for the falling and breaking!) caused the visible gestures to have to be replaced by audible voices.
Communicative gesture HAD to be replaced by communicative sound.